Mountain and glacial landforms

arête cirque crevasse corrie or cwm dirt cone drumlin & drumlin field esker fjord glacial horn glacier glacier cave glacier foreland hanging valley hill inselberg kame kame delta

kettle monadnock moraine and ribbed moraines moulin (geology) mountain & mountain range nunatak outwash fan and outwash plain pingo rift valley sandur side valley stream terrace summit tunnel valley valley U-shaped valley

Fluvial landforms

ait alluvial fan anabranch arroyo drainage basin bar bayou beach braided channel Carolina Bay cave cliff drainage basin endorheic basin exhumed river channel gully island lacustrine plain lake natural levee marsh meander

oasis oxbow lake peneplain playa pond natural pool proglacial lake rapid riffle river rock-cut basin shoal spring stream stream terrace swamp valley and vale wadi waterfall watershed

Coastal and oceanic landforms

abyssal fan abyssal plain archipelago atoll arch ayre barrier bar & barrier island bay & gulf beach & raised beach beach cusps beach ridge bight blowhole channel cape cliff coast continental shelf coral reef cove cuspate foreland dune system estuary firth fjord

headland inlet island, islet isthmus lagoon machair Mid-ocean ridge ocean oceanic basin oceanic plateau oceanic trench peninsula ria river delta salt marsh sea sea cave shoal sound spit strait stack & stump surge channel tombolo volcanic arc wave cut platform

Ancient Oceanic Ridges

• Phoenix Ridge
• Izanagi Ridge
• Kula-Farallon Ridge
• Pacific-Kula Ridge
• Pacific-Farallon Ridge
• Bellingshausen Ridge
• Aegir Ridge

Oceanic Ridges

• Chile Rise
• Cocos Ridge
• East Pacific Rise
• Chukchi Cap
• Alpha Ridge
• Explorer Ridge
• Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge)
• Gorda Ridge
• Juan de Fuca Ridge
• Mid-Atlantic Ridge
• Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
• Reykjanes Ridge
• Central Indian Ridge
• Southeast Indian Ridge
• Southwest Indian Ridge

Ancient oceanic trenches

Trench	Location
Intermontane Trench	Western North America; between Intermontane Islands and North America
Insular Trench	Western North America; between Insular Islands and Intermontane Islands
Farallon Trench	Western North America
Tethyan Trench	South of Turkey, Iran, Tibet and Southeast Asia

Major oceanic trenches

Trench	Ocean	Depth
Mariana Trench	Pacific Ocean	10,911m
Tonga Trench	Pacific Ocean	10,882m
Kuril Trench	Pacific Ocean	10,542 m
Philippine Trench	Pacific Ocean	10,540 m
Kermadec Trench	Pacific Ocean	10,047 m
Izu-Bonin Trench (Izu-Ogasawara Trench)	Pacific Ocean	9,780 m
Japan Trench	Pacific Ocean	9,000 m
Puerto Rico Trench	Atlantic Ocean	8,605 m
Peru-Chile Trench or Atacama Trench	Pacific Ocean	8,065 m